Melgund Recreation, Arts and Culture
Public Comments Archive

14.9 Birds, Migratory Birds and their Habitat

Detailed Technical Assessment Report • Ref: REC-I6VV-K4HL

Section Synopsis

Pages: 130-133

This section of the Initial Project Description details the baseline data collection for birds and their habitats at the proposed Deep Geological Repository site. Utilizing desktop mapping, habitat suitability modeling, and eDNA sampling from 2021-2022, the proponent identified 64 upland breeding birds, 3 shorebirds, 10 waterbirds, and 7 raptors, including several Species at Risk (SAR). While the proponent claims the current data is sufficient for a risk-informed assessment, they acknowledge the need for more intensive future field studies, such as acoustic monitoring and helicopter nest surveys, to support regulatory permits and characterize community-level interactions.

Community Assessment Narrative

The text exhibits a notable tension between its claim of having 'sufficiently comprehensive' data and the subsequent list of extensive field studies required to actually understand the site's ecology. By relying heavily on desktop mapping and eDNA—the latter of which the proponent admits is 'difficult' to interpret due to limited data—the submission risks underestimating the actual biodiversity and habitat use of the area. The assertion that the absence of 'designated' critical habitat for the Eastern Whip-poor-will equates to a lack of impact is a potential logical fallacy; habitat can be ecologically essential for a local population's survival regardless of its current federal designation status.

Furthermore, the mention of the wild rice stand at Mennin Lake introduces a significant socio-economic and cultural factor that is underdeveloped. While the proponent acknowledges its importance for both birds and local community members, there is no discussion of how project activities like dust generation, water discharge, or noise might disrupt this sensitive resource. The tone is generally professional, but the self-assessment of the data's 'comprehensiveness' appears biased toward moving the project forward into the assessment phase before robust, multi-season field validations are complete. This creates a transparency gap regarding the certainty of the 'early conclusions' presented in the document.

Corrective Measures & Recommendations

The proponent should prioritize the completion of multi-year, multi-season field surveys—including point counts and acoustic monitoring—prior to finalizing the Environmental Impact Statement. Relying on 'Tier 1' habitat mapping and eDNA is insufficient for a project of this scale and duration. These field studies must specifically target the migratory windows and breeding cycles of the identified Species at Risk (SAR) to provide a baseline that accounts for inter-annual variability, which desktop models cannot capture. This will ensure that the 'risk-informed assessment' is based on empirical evidence rather than predictive modeling.

Additionally, a dedicated study on the Mennin Lake wild rice stand must be conducted in direct consultation with local Indigenous communities. This study should evaluate the potential for indirect project impacts, such as changes in hydrology, water quality, and atmospheric deposition, on the health and productivity of the wild rice. Given its identified role as a food source for both wildlife and humans, the proponent must move beyond simple detection and provide a mitigation plan that ensures the continued accessibility and safety of this resource for community harvesting.

On 16 February, 2026 the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC), with input from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC), published a Summary of Issues (SOI) for the proposed Deep Geological Repository (DGR) for Canada’s Used Nuclear Fuel Project, put forward by the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO). The SOI identifies the key issues that IAAC considers relevant to the federal integrated impact assessment process for the project. NWMO’s response to the SOI will assist IAAC in determining whether an impact assessment is required under section 16 of the Impact Assessment Act. If an impact assessment is required, the issues outlined in the SOI—together with NWMO’s response—will help shape the scope of the assessment and inform the continued development and finalization of the Integrated Tailored Impact Statement Guidelines and associated plans.

Alignments to IAAC Summary (SOI)

The community findings from Melgund Township demonstrate a high degree of alignment with the "Summary of Issues" (SOI) published by the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC) on February 16, 2026. Specifically, the Township’s concern regarding the proponent’s heavy reliance on desktop mapping and eDNA sampling directly supports the IAAC’s identified issue under the "Species at risk and their habitat" and "Terrestrial Wildlife and their Habitat" sections. The IAAC notes a broad concern regarding "insufficient information on species at risk" and the need for more data on "levels of disturbance, displacement, or harm." Melgund’s technical observation that the proponent’s data lacks ground-level validation provides a concrete evidentiary basis for the IAAC’s general concern about "missing baseline data" listed under the "Uncertainty related to project effects" section.

Furthermore, Melgund Township’s analysis identifies a significant gap regarding the protection of the Mennin Lake wild rice stand. This aligns with the IAAC’s SOI under "Current use of lands and resources," which highlights concerns related to the "gathering" and "harvesting" of resources used for traditional or subsistence purposes. While the IAAC document mentions plant harvesting and food security generally, the community assessment provides a specific geographic and cultural focal point that the proponent has acknowledged but failed to integrate into a protection strategy. This validates the IAAC’s concern under "Impacts of environmental change on rights," specifically that environmental effects may not be "adequately avoided, mitigated, or accommodated."

Finally, the Township’s observation regarding the Eastern Whip-poor-will—where the proponent dismissed critical habitat based on a lack of formal legal designation rather than biological criteria—serves as a specific example of the "insufficient information on species at risk" flagged by the IAAC. This discrepancy suggests that the proponent’s current approach may lead to the "underestimation of species density and habitat importance," a risk that directly correlates with the IAAC’s concerns regarding "direct and indirect pathways of effects" on wildlife.

Recommendations

The working group recommendations emphasize the necessity of transitioning from predictive modeling to empirical field evidence. By prioritizing multi-year, multi-season field surveys—including point counts and acoustic monitoring—prior to the finalization of the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), the community seeks to resolve the "Uncertainty related to project effects" identified in the IAAC Summary of Issues. These recommendations ensure that the baseline data accounts for inter-annual variability, providing a more robust foundation for the "risk-informed assessment" that both the proponent and the IAAC require for a project of this multi-generational magnitude.

Additionally, the recommendation for a dedicated, community-consulted study on the Mennin Lake wild rice stand is essential for addressing the IAAC’s concerns regarding "Social cohesion and community wellbeing" and "Indigenous engagement." By evaluating indirect impacts such as hydrology changes and atmospheric deposition, this recommendation moves the assessment beyond simple species detection toward a functional mitigation plan. This approach ensures that the "Current use of lands and resources" is not only identified but actively protected, thereby aligning the project’s development with the federal requirement to address adverse impacts on the rights and food sovereignty of local and Indigenous communities.

Key Claims

64 upland breeding bird species were detected, including 10 Species at Risk.
The 2021-2022 baseline data is 'sufficiently comprehensive' to support a risk-informed assessment of potential effects.
There is currently no designated critical habitat for the Eastern Whip-poor-will within the Project site.
Wild rice stands on Mennin Lake serve as a food supply for waterbirds and local community members.
eDNA metabarcoding revealed the presence of three waterbird species not previously reported in the area.

Underlying Assumptions

Desktop mapping and habitat suitability models are accurate proxies for actual species presence and abundance.
The absence of a formal 'Critical Habitat' designation under SARA implies a lower level of ecological sensitivity or regulatory constraint.
Current 'limited' eDNA data is sufficient to form 'early conclusions' regarding project impacts.
Future studies will be able to mitigate any data gaps identified during the initial assessment phase.

Critical Observations & Gaps

Analysis Table
Issue Identified Implication Information Required
Heavy reliance on non-field-validated data (desktop and eDNA). Relying on desktop mapping for a 'comprehensive' assessment may lead to an underestimation of species density and habitat importance. Multi-season, ground-level field survey results to validate the desktop models.
The importance of wild rice to the local community is mentioned but not integrated into an impact or protection strategy. Failure to protect wild rice could impact Indigenous food sovereignty and traditional practices. A specific impact assessment for the wild rice stand involving community consultation.
Dismissal of critical habitat for the Eastern Whip-poor-will based on lack of formal designation. The project could inadvertently destroy essential habitat that has not yet been 'designated' by the government. An assessment of whether the site meets the biological criteria for critical habitat, regardless of its current legal status.
Contradiction between claiming data is 'sufficient' and listing a vast array of 'planned work' needed for permits. Decision-makers may rely on 'early conclusions' that are based on incomplete data sets. Clarification on which conclusions are final and which are preliminary pending the 'planned work'.

Working Group Recommendations

Human Environment (People)

Request a specific socio-economic usage study regarding the 'wild rice stand identified on the north shore of Mennin Lake,' which the filing notes 'may be important as a food supply for... local community members.'

The Initial Project Description explicitly links an environmental resource (wild rice) to human consumption ('local community members'). As Melgund is an unorganized territory where residents often rely on land-based resources for subsistence and tradition, this specific resource represents a critical intersection of environmental health and community well-being. The Board must ensure this usage is fully characterized—quantifying who harvests it and how much—to prevent the uncompensated loss of a local food source. Protecting this resource is an opportunity to demonstrate respect for local land use and food security.
HEP-095
Environment

Require the assessment of 'functional' critical habitat for Species at Risk (specifically Eastern Whip-poor-will) rather than limiting the scope to legally 'designated' critical habitat.

The Proponent's submission notes the presence of Eastern Whip-poor-will but states there is 'no critical habitat... designated' in federal recovery strategies. This legalistic approach ignores biological reality; if the site contains the biophysical attributes necessary for the species' survival, it functions as critical habitat regardless of its current legal status. To ensure the project does not degrade the local ecosystem, the assessment must protect habitat that serves the *function* of critical habitat, ensuring the long-term biodiversity of the Melgund area is preserved despite regulatory lags in federal designations.
ENV-087
Environment

Challenge the Proponent's assertion that 2021-2022 baseline results based on 'desktop... mapping' and 'eDNA sampling' are 'sufficiently comprehensive,' specifically citing the admission in the text that eDNA interpretation is 'difficult due to limited data.'

The Proponent's submission relies heavily on modelling and novel techniques (eDNA) rather than traditional field observation for the initial assessment. While the text admits that future work (point counts, acoustic surveys) is needed, it attempts to validate 'early conclusions' based on incomplete desktop data. For the Melgund area, establishing a robust, field-verified baseline is essential to accurately monitor future impacts. Accepting conclusions based on desktop data creates a risk of unmeasured baseline conditions, making it impossible to prove project-induced changes later. The Board must demand that the 'Planned Work' (field surveys) be completed to validate the models before the baseline is accepted.
ENV-088

Understanding the Impacts of Nuclear Waste on our Community

This digital archive houses the public comments submitted to the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada regarding Project 88774: The Nuclear Waste Management Organization Deep Geological Repository (DGR) for Canada's Used Nuclear Fuel Project. The impact assessment is led jointly by the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. This archive preserves community perspectives, concerns, and observations shared during the assessment process, particularly in relation to Melgund Township, Northwestern Ontario and the communities of Dyment and Borups Corners who are the closest and most impacted of all in the process.