Melgund Recreation, Arts and Culture
Public Comments Archive

14. Biophysical Environment

Detailed Technical Assessment Report • Ref: REC-IFP1-SCUJ

Section Synopsis

Pages: 98-101

The provided text outlines the Nuclear Waste Management Organization's (NWMO) biophysical and geoscientific characterization efforts for a proposed Deep Geological Repository (DGR). It details a history of studies dating back to 2010, including borehole drilling, seismic surveys, and ecological mapping. The NWMO asserts that while further data collection is required for detailed site characterization, the current information is sufficient to support an initial license application and an Impact Statement. The text also highlights collaborative efforts with the Anishinaabe peoples of Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation (WLON) and local residents in designing environmental baseline programs, while providing initial meteorological data based on the Dryden station.

Community Assessment Narrative

The document presents a structured and professional overview of the site characterization process, yet it exhibits a notable tension between claiming 'fundamental suitability' and acknowledging significant data gaps. A primary concern is the proponent's assertion that remaining uncertainties are merely quantitative rather than qualitative regarding the site's ability to contain nuclear fuel. This claim, made before the completion of the federal Impact Assessment (IA) and full licensing process, suggests a potential 'confirmation bias' where the proponent assumes the outcome of the safety case. Furthermore, the reliance on meteorological data from the Dryden station—located 55 km away—is a significant technical weakness. In the complex terrain of the Canadian Shield, 55 km can represent substantial variations in micro-climates, wind patterns, and precipitation, which are critical for modeling atmospheric dispersion and surface water impacts. While the text emphasizes collaboration with Indigenous communities, it remains vague on how Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) was specifically integrated into the scientific methodology, beyond 'field verification of land use.' This lack of detail makes it difficult to assess the depth of the collaboration or the transparency of the environmental program's design.

Corrective Measures & Recommendations

The proponent should immediately establish and report data from on-site meteorological stations to replace or supplement the Dryden station data. Relying on a station 55 km away introduces unnecessary uncertainty into the baseline environmental model, particularly for air quality and hydrological modeling. Providing site-specific data will enhance the scientific defensibility of the Impact Statement and ensure that local climatic extremes are accurately captured. Additionally, the NWMO should provide a detailed 'Uncertainty Registry' that explicitly lists the 'quantitative' uncertainties mentioned in the text. This registry should explain the potential impact of these uncertainties on the safety case and the specific technical measures planned to resolve them. To improve transparency and community trust, the proponent should also include a dedicated section detailing how specific inputs from the Anishinaabe peoples of WLON and local residents led to changes in the environmental program design, moving beyond general statements of collaboration to demonstrate meaningful engagement.

On 16 February, 2026 the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC), with input from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC), published a Summary of Issues (SOI) for the proposed Deep Geological Repository (DGR) for Canada’s Used Nuclear Fuel Project, put forward by the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO). The SOI identifies the key issues that IAAC considers relevant to the federal integrated impact assessment process for the project. NWMO’s response to the SOI will assist IAAC in determining whether an impact assessment is required under section 16 of the Impact Assessment Act. If an impact assessment is required, the issues outlined in the SOI—together with NWMO’s response—will help shape the scope of the assessment and inform the continued development and finalization of the Integrated Tailored Impact Statement Guidelines and associated plans.

Alignments to IAAC Summary (SOI)

The community findings from Melgund Township demonstrate a high degree of alignment with the concerns documented in the IAAC Summary of Issues (SOI) published on February 16, 2026. Specifically, the community’s observation regarding the proponent’s reliance on the Dryden meteorological station (55 km away) directly supports the IAAC’s identified need for a better understanding of "Radiological effects to the... atmospheric environment" and the "Monitoring of effects during construction and operations on air." Melgund’s technical analysis highlights a significant gap: using distant climate normals may lead to inaccurate modeling of local environmental impacts, which validates the IAAC’s broader concern regarding the potential for "non-negligible adverse changes" to the local environment.

Furthermore, Melgund Township’s critique of the proponent’s preemptive claim of "fundamental suitability" aligns with the IAAC’s focus on the "Suitability of host rock for long-term containment" and "Project description" concerns. The IAAC SOI explicitly notes that the proponent must address how "uncertainty, risk, and the effectiveness of proposed mitigation measures are characterized." By flagging the proponent’s conclusion as premature, the community assessment reinforces the IAAC’s requirement for a neutral, evidence-based evaluation of the safety case rather than a predetermined outcome. This alignment suggests that both the federal agency and the local community are concerned with the transparency and scientific integrity of the proponent’s assertions.

There is also a strong correlation between the community’s findings on Indigenous collaboration and the IAAC’s "Indigenous Peoples" section. Melgund Township identified a "vague description" of how Indigenous input influenced environmental program design, which mirrors the IAAC’s issues regarding the "Consideration of Indigenous Knowledge" and the "Adequacy of Indigenous engagement." The community’s observation that current claims may be viewed as "tokenistic" provides a specific local example of the broader federal concern that engagement must be "meaningful, ongoing, and sufficient." This validates the IAAC’s call for the proponent to document how Indigenous knowledge is incorporated into project planning and decision-making.

Recommendations

The working group recommendations focus on rectifying the technical and procedural gaps identified during the cross-referencing of the community findings with the IAAC Summary of Issues. To address the atmospheric and hydrological uncertainties flagged by both parties, it is recommended that the proponent immediately prioritize the collection and reporting of on-site meteorological data. This action is essential to move beyond the "Dryden-centric" model and provide the "detailed understanding" required by the IAAC under the Physical and Biological Environment theme. Establishing these stations will ensure that local climatic extremes are captured, thereby increasing the defensibility of the Impact Statement and providing a more accurate baseline for assessing potential radiological effects on the atmospheric environment.

Additionally, to address the IAAC’s concerns regarding "high uncertainty" and the "Project description," the working group recommends the implementation of a formal "Uncertainty Registry." This registry should serve as a transparent, quantitative log of all technical and geoscientific unknowns, explaining their potential impact on the long-term safety case. By explicitly listing these uncertainties and the measures planned to resolve them, the proponent can move away from preemptive claims of suitability and toward the rigorous, transparent characterization of risk demanded by the IAAC. Finally, to satisfy the requirements for meaningful engagement, the proponent should provide a dedicated reporting section that tracks specific changes made to project design resulting from Indigenous and local community input, ensuring that collaboration is substantive and verifiable.

Key Claims

The site can meet the Project’s requirements to contain and isolate used nuclear fuel.
Geoscience data collection is sufficiently complete to satisfy the initial licence application and an Impact Statement.
Uncertainties that remain are about quantitative understanding, not fundamental suitability.
Environmental baseline programs were designed collaboratively with Indigenous peoples and local communities.
Dryden meteorological data is representative of the Project site's climate normals.

Underlying Assumptions

Meteorological conditions at Dryden (55 km away) are sufficiently similar to the Project site for baseline modeling.
Desktop studies from 2014 remain valid for current screening-level assessments.
The 'graded approach' will successfully mitigate any risks arising from current data uncertainties.
Field verification of land use by Indigenous peoples constitutes sufficient integration of cultural factors into the geoscience program.

Critical Observations & Gaps

Analysis Table
Issue Identified Implication Information Required
Reliance on Dryden meteorological station for site-specific climate normals. Using data from 55 km away may lead to inaccurate modeling of local environmental impacts. On-site meteorological data collection and a comparative analysis between Dryden and the Project site.
Preemptive claim of 'fundamental suitability' regarding the safety case. This may signal to regulators and the public that the proponent has already reached a conclusion, potentially undermining the IA process. A more neutral statement acknowledging that suitability is the subject of the ongoing assessment.
Vague description of how Indigenous collaboration influenced environmental program design. Without specific examples, the claim of collaborative design may be viewed as a tokenistic gesture rather than substantive partnership. Documentation of specific changes or enhancements made to the program based on Indigenous input.
Contradiction between 'sufficiently advanced' studies and the need for more data in the Project footprint. Screening-level assessments may miss localized ecological sensitivities if footprint-specific data is still 'needed.' Clarification on which specific environmental components lack footprint-level data.

Working Group Recommendations

Human Environment (People)

Require a specific assessment of how the 'extreme temperatures' (-43°C) and '175 cm of snowfall' cited in the text impact emergency response times from distant hubs (Ignace/Dryden) to the Project site and Melgund Township.

The Proponent's text explicitly cites severe winter conditions, including lows of -43°C and heavy snowfall. Melgund Township is an unorganized territory with zero local emergency services (no fire, ambulance, or police). We rely entirely on distant regional services. The combination of the cited extreme weather and the lack of local capacity creates a critical safety gap; if a transport accident or site emergency occurs during a blizzard, response times from Dryden or Ignace could be fatal. The Proponent must demonstrate self-sufficiency or 100% emergency capacity, as reliance on distant hubs during the weather conditions they have identified creates an unacceptable risk to our community.
HEP-008
Environment

Request a detailed validation of the 'quantitative understanding' of the site's geology, specifically challenging the assertion that remaining uncertainties do not affect 'fundamental suitability.'

The text asserts that current uncertainties are merely quantitative and do not impact the site's 'fundamental suitability' to contain nuclear waste. This is a premature conclusion that precedes the completion of the Impact Statement. For the residents of Melgund, whose groundwater and land integrity are at stake, 'suitability' must be proven, not assumed. Challenging this assertion ensures that the Proponent does not gloss over potential geological flaws (fractures, hydraulic conductivity) under the guise of 'minor uncertainties.' This rigorous approach protects the community from long-term environmental liability.
ENV-005
Human Environment (People)

Challenge the Proponent's exclusion of Melgund Township from the 'collaborative design' of baseline programs and demand the immediate inclusion of the Local Services Board in all future study designs.

The Proponent states that baseline programs were designed collaboratively with 'Anishinaabe peoples of WLON, residents of Ignace and other local community groups,' yet fails to explicitly name Melgund Township (Dyment/Borups Corners), the immediate host/neighbor. This exclusion suggests a gap in social license and overlooks the specific local knowledge held by our residents. Rectifying this by formally including the LSB in study design is an opportunity to improve the relevance of the data collected and ensures that the unique socio-economic concerns of the unorganized territory are not subsumed by the interests of the larger, incorporated Township of Ignace.
HEP-009
Environment

Reject the Proponent's reliance on meteorological data from the Dryden station (55 km away) and mandate the immediate installation of on-site meteorological monitoring stations to capture local micro-climate data.

The Proponent's submission relies on data from Dryden, located 55 km northwest, to model critical factors like wind speed, precipitation, and temperature. For Melgund Township (Dyment/Borups Corners), which is significantly closer to the site than Dryden, this distance introduces unacceptable margins of error for modeling air quality, noise propagation, and potential radiological dispersion. Establishing on-site monitoring is an opportunity to ensure that the specific atmospheric conditions affecting our residents are accurately captured, rather than approximated from a distant municipality. This will result in a scientifically defensible baseline that respects the distinct local geography of the unorganized territory.
ENV-006

Understanding the Impacts of Nuclear Waste on our Community

This digital archive houses the public comments submitted to the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada regarding Project 88774: The Nuclear Waste Management Organization Deep Geological Repository (DGR) for Canada's Used Nuclear Fuel Project. The impact assessment is led jointly by the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. This archive preserves community perspectives, concerns, and observations shared during the assessment process, particularly in relation to Melgund Township, Northwestern Ontario and the communities of Dyment and Borups Corners who are the closest and most impacted of all in the process.